Paper
Tuesday, November 6, 2007

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This presentation is part of : A Cross-Cultural Research: Role Model Behaviors of Nursing Faculty in the United States and Japan, toward Enriching Faculty Development
Development of Instruments for Cross-Cultural Research on Role Model Behaviors of Nursing Faculty in the United States and Japan
Tomomi Kameoka, RN, DNSc1, Toshiko Nakayama, RN, DNSc1, Naomi Funashima, RN, DNSc2, Kumiko Hongo, RN, MNs3, Hiroe Miura, RN, DNSc4, Nobuko Yamashita, DNSc4, Patricia Ann Gorzka, PhD5, and Midori Sugimori, RN, BLL6. (1) Nursing Education, National College of Nursing Japan, Kiyose, Tokyo, Japan, (2) School of Nursing, Chiba University, Chiba, Chiba, Japan, (3) school of Nursing, Saniku Gakuin College, Tokyo, Japan, (4) School of Nursing, Gunma Prefectural College of Health Science, Maebashi, Japan, (5) Continuing Professional Devlepment, University of South Forida, Tampa, FL, USA, (6) Gunma Prefectural College of Health Science, Gunma Prefectural College of Health Science, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan

BACKGROUND: The Self-Evaluation Scale on Role Model Behaviors for Nursing Faculty (RMBNF-J) was developed in Japan (Funashima, 2002). The RMBNF-J has 35 items with 5-point Likert-type scale, and the 35 items were grouped into 5 subscales. It was confirmed that the RMBNF-J had well-established reliability and validity.

OBJECTIVES: 1.To develop RMBNF-E, that is English version of the RMBNF-J  2.To examine reliability and validity of the RMBNF-E and equality between the RMBNF-E and the RMBNF-J.

METHODS: The first, the RMBNF-J was translated into English by using the back-translation technique (Brislin, 1973), and the RMBNF-E was made after three times back-translation. The second, an expert panel of faculty in the United States was held to establish content validity of the RMBNF-E. The third, a pilot study to test the face validity of the RMBNF-E was conducted with 25 nursing faculty in the United States. The result of the pilot study (Gorzka, 2006) showed that nursing faculty in the United States were able to answer the all items of RMBNF-E, and then it showed that the RMBNF-E had face validity. The fourth, further data were collected in the United States and they were analyzed statistically. 

RESULTS: Fifty-three valid data were collected. Cronbach's alpha was calculated to estimate the reliability of the RMBNF-E, and it was .81. As a result of a factor analysis, the factor structure of the original RMBNF-J was not replicated properly in the RMBNF-E.  CONCLUSION: The RMBNF-E had content validity and high internal consistency. On the other hand, construct validity and equality with the RMBNF-J were not well demonstrated. Further data collection is needed to examine the factor structure of the RMBNF-E accurately, because the number of the participants was not sufficient in this study.