Evaluating Fall Risk Assessment Tools for Emergency Departments: Safety, Efficiency, and Nurse Acceptance

Saturday, 16 November 2019: 3:15 PM

Shuhong Luo, EdD, MSN, RN1
Melanie Kalman, PhD, RN, CNS1
Pam Haines, MS2
Caitlin Reck, MSN, RN-BC, AGCNS-BC3
(1)College of Nursing, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
(2)Nursing Quality and Patient Safety, SUNY Upstate University Hospital, Syracuse, NY, USA
(3)SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA

Aims and objectives

The researchis to evaluate the Memorial Emergency Department Fall Risk Assessment Tool (MEDFRAT) for two emergency departments (EDs) at a hospital and determines whether it is as efficient as the Johns Hopkins Fall Risk Assessment Tool (JHFRAT) in predicting the fall risk of patients. It also evaluates the acceptance, by nurses, of MEDFRAT implementation in local EDs.

Background

Currently, EDs are using the JHFRAT, which is lengthy and does not meet patient needs. The hospital’s committee recommended the MEDFRAT; however, it needs evaluation before it is implemented.

Design

A two-stage, multi‐method design.

Methods

Data were collected from (a) patients over the past four years using a retrospective chart review, which included patients who fell (n= 56) and those who did not fall but were admitted to the same ED, at the same time, with the same conditions (n= 19); (b) patients (n= 435) who were newly admitted to the EDs; and (c) ED nurses (n= 18) who conducted the fall risk assessment for the newly admitted patients. We quantitatively analyzed the assessment scores, using the MEDFRAT and the JHFRAT, and qualitatively analyzed the opinions of nurses.

Results

For the patients assessed, MEDFRAT and JHFRAT ratings were associated.The nurses commented that the MEDFRAT optimized their workflow. One third had concerns about the accuracy of identifying at-risk patients using the MEDFRAT.

Conclusion

MEDFRAT is as efficient as the JHFRAT in predicting the ED patient fall risk; however, a score for “nurse judgment” was added to the MEDFRAT as an evaluation category for most nurses to accept the MEDFRAT.

Relevance to clinical practice

The MEDFRAT is more suitable for ED patients; however, including a nurse judgment score is recommended.

Impact Statement

What does this paper contribute to the wider global clinical community?

  • The paper provides methods for EDs in the global clinical community to identify and evaluate the correct fall risk assessment tool for their patients.
  • The paper provides strategies to revise a fall risk assessment tool for EDs.