Prevalence, Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Diabetes Mellitus among Urban Community, Karachi, Pakistan

Sunday, November 1, 2009

Zehra Ali Muhammad Ahmed Parvani, RN, BScN
School Of Nursing, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
Hasina Hassan Ali, RN, BScN
Infection control, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
Saima Feroz Ali Virani, RN, BScN
Operation Theater & Recovery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Pakistan, Karachi, Pakistan
Babar Islam, RN, BScN
Nursing Services, Aga Khan University Hospital, Pakistan, Karachi, Pakistan
Saleema A. Gulzar, MScN
School of Nursing, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan

Learning Objective 1: Analyze Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of diabetic patients in urban community of pakistan.

Learning Objective 2: Discuss strategies used to decrease the burden of the disease.

Background:

Pakistan is amongst the top five countries with the highest ratio of diabetic patients, therefore, a pilot study is carried out to promote health and prevent disease at community level through Health Promotion Model. 

Objectives: 

  • To explore Knowledge, Attitude and Practices about Diabetes Mellitus among urban adult population.
  • To estimate prevalence of Diabetes within the community.
  • To intervene relevant strategies and to reduce the burden of Diabetes Mellitus.

Methodology:

A questionnaire was developed to assess Knowledge, Attitude and Practices about Diabetes among adults of urban community in Karachi, Pakistan from November 2007 to January 2008. Sample of 50 residents was randomly selected aged between 15-65 years to conduct this survey.  Data was analyzed through SPSS 10.

Result:

The prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus was 16.2% as participants were identified having high blood glucose level. This study reveals that the majority of diabetic patients were aware of their diagnosis. However, 40% of those aware of their diagnosis did not properly practice to control their Diabetes Mellitus with diet control and exercise. Similarly, 40% were non compliant and 12% were identified as taking home remedies. Moreover, 20% of participants were identified as having sedentary life style. Based on the assessment, awareness session was conducted to reinforce participants for proper medication compliance, diet control and exercise. In addition, screening was done to identify high risk group for referral.

Conclusion and recommendation:

To conclude, this study could be implemented at mega scale in Pakistan. It is recommended that Pender's Health Promotion Model should be utilized in order to understand different aspects of this problem and to propose the ways to control it.