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Learning Objective 1: Describe inhibitor of bedside patient education for nurses in Japan.
Learning Objective 2: Discuss the important factors related to bedside patient education for nurses.
Nurses provide bedside patient education (BPE) in their day-to-day activities. Previous studies have shown that BPE is not effectively carried out due to insufficient staffing, lack of knowledge and experience in teaching, etc. Therefore, to provide high quality BPE, nurses must understand such obstacles and how to overcome them.
Objective
The objective of this secondary analysis of qualitative data is to identify the obstacles of BPE in day-to-day nursing and how nurses can overcome them.
Method
In the original study, data was collected on nurse-patient interactions in BPE of everyday nursing through non-participant observation in 3 wards at 2 hospitals in Japan. 15 nurses and 18 patients participated. The goal of BPE included preoperative preparation, drug explanation, dietary, etc. Field notes were transcribed, and then used in this secondary analysis. Both studies were conducted by the same author.
Results & Implications
Nine different obstacles in BPE could emerge, regarding the patient: 1) lack of understanding and experience, 2) nervousness, 3) anxiety, and 4) reluctance to accept he/her knowledge; regarding the nurse: 5) insufficient knowledge and 6) tiredness; regarding the situation: 7) possibility of medical error, 8) risk of patient deterioration, and 9) time constraints. Ten actions to overcome these could be identified: 1) observation, 2) maintaining a clean and safe environment, 3) support, 4) questions, 5) explanations, 6) adjustment in attitude, 7) demonstrating skills on behalf of the patient (surrogacy), 8) humor, 9) encouragement, and 10) empathy.
These results suggest that nurses must overcome various obstacles in BPE related to the nurse, patient, and environment. To provide such BPE, nurses must acquire a wide range of abilities.