Can Nursing Escape the Medical Model?

Monday, 31 October 2011: 3:55 PM

Rilda Brostrom Matthews, MS, RN
Division of Nursing, Sacramento State University, Sacramento, CA

Learning Objective 1: The learner will be able to easily define concepts for patient assessment for which Nursing is accountable and which are obtained independently from Medical Diagnoses.

Learning Objective 2: The learner will be able to consistently obtain holistic assessments and quickly progress from assessment to identification of Nursing Diagnoses and patient problems.

ESCAPE-C is an acronym for an Assessment Tool for the first step of the Nursing Process. It is derived from concepts identified by major theorists and is used as a consistent framework for identifying patient needs.  It incorporates the standard Nursing Process and is up to date with current Nursing Diagnoses. 

The needed concepts to be assessed are summarized in the ESCAPE-C acronym. Nurses need to assess needs of the persons or groups in response to their Environment, Self (Psycho, Social, Cultural and Spiritual needs), Comfort, ADL’s  [further delineated to MEETS: Move-Eat-Eliminate-Toilet-Sleep], Physical assessment and assessment of Educational needs. They must also incorporate an assessment involving the Collaborative efforts from all members of the health care team. The Collaborative piece includes the assessments needs by others as well as communication of further assessment and consultation that may be required based on nursing assessment. 

Pilot studies with students to identify its significance in complete assessments were obtained, first with OB students who used the tool and those who did not. Secondly, a pilot study was conducted with Med/Surg II students who self assessed their best case write up before and after using the Tool and thirdly with Med/Surg I students who compared their work and confidence levels between using the ESCAPE-C Tool or not using it. This was corroborated by faculty assessment of the same students.

Within Sac State's curriculum, Standard Case Studies are currently being realigned to include the ESCAPE-C concepts with the standard History and Physical Format.