| Learning Objective #1: Discuss the processes involved in the development of a symptom rating scale | |||
| Learning Objective #2: Describe the content of the Reno Scale, a GERD-symptom rating scale |
An eight-member expert nurse practitioner (NP) panel sponsored by the AANP Foundation was assembled to design a Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) symptom scale. A 10-item scale based on literature review and clinical experience was designed. Each item measures the frequency and severity of a common GERD symptom.
The resultant “Reno Scale” has 3rd grade readability and was validated by an external panel of two advanced practice nurses. Six panel members piloted the scale, asking 51 patients to complete it and rate the degree to which items described their symptoms, the terms were understandable, and the form was easy to complete. The providers also evaluated the process, noting how easy they found it to incorporate use of the scale into their practice and how helpful the scale was in assessing their patient’s symptoms.
The pilot project supported the tool’s reliability (Cronbach’s alpha=.9255). The tool’s content validity was supported by the expert panel and external reviewers, which was further supported when both providers and patients indicated the items described the patients’ symptoms. Both patients and providers reported that the scale was easy to use and understandable. Providers also found that it easily incorporated into their practice and helpful in assessing patients’ symptoms. Based on comments, the layout of the scale was adapted slightly to make it easier to complete.
The RENO Scale has established reliability, content validity, and readability. Future evaluation of the tool will include determining its ability to capture change in symptoms with behavioral and/or pharmacological treatment. The presentation has implications for clinicians interested in developing symptom rating scales and those involved in GERD management.
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