| Learning Objective #1: Describe a method for instrument translation and psychometric testing | |||
| Learning Objective #2: Measure satisfaction with nursing care of Spanish-speaking patients using the presented instrument |
Objective: To determine psychometric properties of a Spanish translation of the LaMonica-Oberst Patient Satisfaction Scale, and equivalence between versions.
Design: A two-group correlation design compared scores on English and Spanish versions.
Population, Sample, Setting: In a preliminary sample, 60-oriented adult, Spanish-speaking patients hospitalized within one year completed the Spanish version; 28 also completed the English version, randomly ordered. The typical respondent was 45, Puerto-Rican, female, hospitalized for 4 days.
Variables Studied Together: Satisfaction with nursing care, intent to return, expectations.
Methods: This study builds upon prior development of a 15-item Spanish version (two factors, alpha = .94 and .58; Lange, 2002). A decision study indicated that five additional items would improve the alpha on the dissatisfaction subscale to accepted standards. Unique items with highest loadings derived from the longer 42-item version yielded a new 20-item scale. A certified translator produced the translation, critiqued by seven Hispanic reviewers from varied countries. Five independent experts reviewed a back-translation for equivalent meaning between English versions. A VAS measuring congruence between patient’s expectations of nursing care and actual experiences, and a yes/no question regarding willingness to return were added measures of criterion-related validity. A pilot sample (n = 13) led to minor modifications in the directions.
Findings: Preliminary analysis indicates English and Spanish versions are equivalent (r = .89, p < .01). Correlation of the Spanish version with VAS (r = .50, p< .001) supports validity of the scale. An attempted factor analysis revealed a five-factor solution with high inter-factor correlations.
Conclusions: Data suggest that reliability and validity of the 20-item Spanish version appear promising, but that a larger sample is needed for factoring.
Implications: This work addresses the need for a Spanish instrument measuring satisfaction with nursing care, critical in this era of outcome evaluation and increasing numbers of U.S. Spanish-speakers.
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