Learning Objective #1: Identify how using the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change can help identify an individual's readiness to change risk behaviors

Learning Objective #2: Learn that using the Internet to collect sensitive data about high risk behaviors is as effective as traditional methods of data collection

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Purpose. This descriptive correlational online survey of gay and bisexual men determined the relationships among stages of change, self-efficacy, and practices of condom usage with primary and casual partners. The effectiveness of using the Internet to collect data was also evaluated. Methods. A convenience sample of 241 gay and bisexual men was recruited via the Internet to complete an online survey. Instruments used were the Transtheoretical Model to Condom (TMC) Use and self-efficacy questionnaires. Participants were instructed how to access questionnaires, and submit them online. Confidentiality was assured by utilizing an electronic system to eliminate the respondent's email address. Findings. Mean age was 34.5 for these self-identified gay (n = 194; 80.5%) or bisexual (n =47, 19.5%) men. Over half of the men reported never using a condom during oral intercourse with a primary or casual partner. The majority of these men with primary partners were in the first stage of change (precontemplation) for using a condom during anal intercourse. Less than 1/3 of these men reported using a condom every time (maintenance stage) during anal intercourse with a casual partner. Predictor variables associated with higher stages of change included being older, having a higher income, informing partners of HIV status, reporting more advantages in using condoms, and having fewer sexual partners. Bisexual men were more likely to use a condom with a primary partner. Discussion. The results supported the usefulness of the TCM for classifying men's stages of change and types of sexual behavior. There was a marked difference between safer sex practices of younger and older men with different types of partners. Conclusions. These findings support the need for new educational interventions other than condom usage for younger and older gay and bisexual men. The Internet modality worked well for collecting this type of sensitive data.