| Learning Objective #1: know the effects of motivational interviewing in type 2 diabetes care. | |||
| Learning Objective #2: increase the knowledge of motivational skills in their nursing practice. |
Method: A randomized controlled trial with a sample of 286 Taiwanese people attending the outpatients department of a large tertiary hospital. Individuals received either the motivational interview intervention or usual care and were followed for 3 months. The intervention was based on a stage-matched Transtheoretical Model of change (TTM). The Motivational Interview (MI) encompassed a variety of interviewing techniques, and reflected each person's readiness stage to change. The control group was provided with usual care consisting of diabetes educational sessions and attendance at a Diabetes Club provided by nursing staff at the hospital. Outcome measures included blood glucose levels, knowledge and skills about the management of diabetes, self efficacy and DASS-21.
Results: Results showed that the motivational interview did improve stage of change (x2= 7.77, p= 0.005; OR=0.15, 95% CI= 0.07-0.28), diabetes knowledge (x2= 24.71, p< 0.001; OR=0.31, 95% CI= 0.15-0.65), diabetes self-management (x2= 16.56, p< 0.001; OR=0.30, 95% CI= 0.16-0.54), diabetes management self-efficacy scores (x2= 7.99, p= 0.005; OR= 0.44, 95% CI= 0.24-0.80) and HbA1c levels (t= 4.25, p< 0.001; OR= 0.42, 95% CI= 0.25-0.71) compared to the control group. The findings provide important evidence concerning the effect of motivational interventions that incorporate participants' readiness to change. The research informs future clinical practice in diabetes self-management, and provides recommendations for further research in this area.