Erlinda C. Wheeler, DNS, RN¹
Thomas Hardie, EdD, RN, CS, NP¹
Gail Wynn, MD, FACS²
Isaias Irgau, MD, FACS²
1School of Nursing, University of Delaware, Newark, DE
2Christiana Institute of Advance Surgery, St. Francis Hospital, University of Delaware, Newark, DE

Douglas Sutton, EdD, ARNP, RN
College of Nursing, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL