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Learning Objective 1: learn how to support people with disability to improve their self-esteem.
Learning Objective 2: understand the importance of people with disability to maintain and participate daily activities at home and in community.
Methods: Samples were out-patient stroke survivors at two medium-sized hospitals in rural Japan. Two questionnaires used to obtain data: Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem Scale (RSE) and a questionnaire developed from ICF. Data were obtained voluntarily at their hospital visits. Among 71 returned questionnaires, 65 were completed with RSE and were analyzed.
Results: The average age of participants was 70.9±11.1. The average score of RSE was 32.12±8.32. Comparing to past studies, RSE score of present study sample was higher than younger age and was approximated with ages of middle to older people and stroke survivors. Score of RSE with older stroke survivors might not be affected by experiences of stroke.
Multiple regression analysis was done with RSE and selected factors of living conditions of daily life: “Bathing”, “Needed from family members”, “Dress and Groom”, and “Sleeping”. Additional multiple regression analysis was done with RSE and four factors of ADL (activity of daily life): “Frequency of voting”, “Restriction with physical pain or paralysis”, “Role at home”, and “Access to needed information”. In addition, multiple regression exclusive of ADL related factors identified following factors, evaluation of severity, existence or nonexistence of “Restriction with physical pain or paralysis” and importance of approval, acceptance, and respect from significant others.
Conclusion: Regarding related factors of self-esteem, findings suggested that nurses need to support for maintaining or improving ADL and support for “Bathing”, “Sleeping”, and “Dress and Groom” were important.
With regard to “Frequency of voting”, “Role at home”, and “Access to needed information” would suggest support needs of stroke survivors for maintaining social health by active participation at home and in community.
Roles of significant others were crucial to maintaining self-esteem of stroke survivors.