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Learning Objective 1: Learners will be able to identify the levels of anxiety, depression, and personal resources in patients with COPD over time
Learning Objective 2: Learners will be able to explain the role of personal resources in explaining the variance in anxiety and depression over time in patients with COPD
Methods: This study used a randomized control trial to test the effects of nursing intervention on anxiety and depression and a longitudinal correlational study to examine the predictors of anxiety and depression across time. Data were collected at a 6 month interval from March 1, 2010 to August 30, 2011. The participants of this study were recruited from 5 hospitals in South Korea. The measures used in the study were the Bristol COPD Knowledge Questionnaire, Personal Resource Questionnaire, COPD Self-Efficacy Scale, Jalowiec Coping Scale, BODE index estimating the severity of COPD, and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Pearson Correlation, ANOVA, and multiple regressions using SPSS WIN program.
Results: Two hundred fifty one participants were included at the baseline and 157 and 122 participants were remained in T2 and T3 data collection, respectively. Anxiety and depression of COPD patients tend to increase over time and symptom management nursing intervention did not influence on the levels of anxiety and depression in COPD patients. Over time, the levels of anxiety and depression most explained with the concurrent levels of variables in the study. Self-efficacy, affective oriented coping, and social support were most influential variables in explaining anxiety and depression across time.
Conclusion: This study suggests the importance of personal resources in predicting the levels of anxiety and depression in patients with COPD. Long-term strategies to enhance self-efficacy and social support and to reduce the utilization of affective coping could reduce overall anxiety and depression in patients with COPD. Future research in enhancing personal resources is warranted as an effective intervention strategy for COPD patients.