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Learning Objective 1: Describe study findings that have the potential to enhance the quality of patient care related to nursing practice.
Learning Objective 2: Discuss the contribution of nursing research to the body of scientific knowledge that should serve as the foundation for nursing practice.
Methods: Sample size n=63. Leininger’s Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality was the conceptual framework for this non-experimental, non-randomized pilot study conducted by a bilingual research team. The Resilience Scale (Wagnild, 2009), Mastery Scale (Pearlin & Schooler, 1978), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (Spitzer, Williams, Kroenke, 1999) comprised the data collection methodology.
Results: Odds ratios suggest that, when using the Spanish tool, major depression is 7.8 times more likely to be determined if a Mastery Scale score < 34 is obtained , than if a Master Scale score > 34 is obtained (p=0.009). Similar analysis suggests that , using the English tool, major depression is 12 times greater if a Resilience Scale score of < 142 is obtained, than if a Resilience Scale score > 142 is obtained (p=0.027). As expected, therefore, both the Mastery Scale and Resilience Scale are inversely correlated to depression.
Conclusion: The Mastery Scale is a good predictor of the level of depression in Spanish-speaking Hispanics, but not in the English-speaking group. The Resilience Scale is not a good predictor of the level of depression in Spanish-speaking Hispanics, but is effective in the English-speaking group. Results continue to validate use of the English resilience scale but there is difficulty translating it into another language due to varying dialects, nuances, and word connotations within the multiple Hispanic cultures from different countries. Research implications include study replication using a larger sample of Mexican-American participants and a focus on where the majority of their childhood was spent, instead of where they lived most of their life.