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Learning Objective 1: The learner will be able to identify the elements of the concept labor pain and how to measure it.
Learning Objective 2: The learner will be able to differentiate the phenomena labor pain and chronic pain
Methods: Phase A Analysis of concepts as proposed by Walker & Avant (2005). Phase B- The content validation followed the recommendations of Fehring (1986). The diagnosis was submitted to experts in the area of obstetric nursing.
Results: The concept "labor pain" should be included in the Domain 12 – Comfort and to the Class 1 - Physical Comfort. The definition presents the attributes, antecedents, consequences and empirical antecedents. The Related Factors proposed are: period of dilatation and period of expulsion. 24 Defining Characteristics (DCs) were identified in the literature. Nine of them were very indicative of the diagnosis (score >0.80): observed evidence of uterine contraction, altered muscle tone, change in respiratory rate, change in heart rate, expressive behavior, facial expression of pain, observed evidence of pain, diaphoresis and verbal or coded report. Another 12 CDs were validated (score >0,50 to = 0,80): change in blood pressure, distraction behavior, protective gestures/defensive behavior, focus on yourself, sleep disturbance, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, narrowed focus, antalgic position, changes in urinary function, changes in endocrine function. And 3 DCs were considered not representative.(score < or = 0,50) .
Conclusion:
The construction of the concept "labor pain" and the evidences observed in the process of validation justify the proposal of this new diagnosis to the NANDA-I taxonomy.
References:
1-Walker, L. O., & Avant, K. C. (2005). Strategies for theory construction in nursing (4th edn.). Norwalk, CT: Appleton & Lange.
2-Fehring, R. (1986). Validating diagnostic labels: standardized methodology. Proceedings of the sixth conference: Classification of Nursing Diagnosis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA, 183-190.