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Learning Objective 1: The learner will be able to learn the use and effectiveness of self-help intervention in the field of Depression.
Learning Objective 2: The learner will be able to learn nursing expanded role in using self-help intervention in helping people with depression.
The aim of the overall research is to develop and test the feasibility of a Cognitive Behavioural Bibliotherapy (CBB) for adults with depressive symptoms.
The objectives are:
1. To adopt, translate and validate a CBB manual ‘The Good Mood Guide (GMG)—A Self-Help Manual for Depression’;
2. To implement and test the feasibility of the CBB manual as: i) outcomes of participants (level of depression, resilience, and distress); and ii) participants’ satisfaction with the intervention (usefulness, acceptability, and areas for improvement).
Methods:
The GMG manual was adopted, modified, and validated for cultural relevance through experts’ group review and participants’ opinion. A pilot study was conducted with 16 participants from outpatient department of one of the acute hospitals in Singapore. The pilot study evaluated the intervention with pretest-posttest design. A convenience sample of 16 participants were recruited, who were having mild to moderate depression. Participants completed the GMG manual in 8 weeks, and three assessments at pre-intervention, post-intervention and two-month follow-up. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyse participants’ outcomes.
Results:
At 2-month follow up, participants reported significant reduction in depression score measure by the CES-Depression Scale (F(1.40, 21.05)=19.971, p<0.001). Participants reported significant improvement in coping with distress which was measured by Kessler Psychological Distress scale (K-10) (F(2, 30)=24.80, p<0.001). Participants also reported significant improvement in their resilience levels measured by the Resilience Scale (F(2, 30)=18.45, p<0.001).
Conclusion:
The pilot study outcomes provided evidence to support the effectiveness of the GMG. Further rigorous RCT will be conducted to provide more conclusive evidence on its effectiveness.