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Learning Objective 1: To know the association between risk factors for atherosclerotic coronary artery disease with the type of manifestation of acute coronary syndrome.
Learning Objective 2: To cite the profile of risk factors for atherosclerotic coronary artery disease in patients hospitalized for acute coronary syndrome.
Methods: A cross-sectional study with data collected in the coronary unit of a school hospital in São Paulo, Brazil, from August to December, 2011. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and laboratory test results of 150 patients hospitalized for ACS were obtained from hospital charts. Five validated questionnaires were applied: nicotine dependence (Fagerström Tolerance Questionnaire), food frequency (Food Frequency Questionnaire), alcohol consumption (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test), perceived stress (Perceived Stress Scale) and physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire). The study protocol was approved by the institutional Ethics Committee.
Results: There was weak evidence of higher proportion of male gender with ST-elevation AMI and female gender with UA; lower proportion of arrhythmia in patients with ST-elevation AMI and higher proportion of patients with kidney failure in patients with UA; higher proportion of hypertension in patients with UA and lower proportion in patients with ST-elevation AMI; higher proportion of family history of kidney failure and aorta aneurysm in patients with UA. Patients with non-ST elevation AMI had lower weight and height compared to patients with ST-elevation AMI. Patients with UA had lower levels of LDL-cholesterol. Patients with ST-elevation AMI were more frequently submitted to angioplasty. Stress levels were elevated in 86% of patients in the 3 groups. Ninety percent of all patients consumed rice, beef, chicken and beans.
Conclusion: There was weak evidence of association between risk factors for atherosclerotic coronary artery disease with the type of manifestation of ACS.