Validation and Sensitivity Pictorial Pediatric Symptom Checklist

Purpose: The purposes of this study are to share the results of PPSC's validity and reliability in Turkish society, introduce the Turkish version of PPSC, which has translations in only 3 different languages (English,Spanish and Filipino) and contribute to other studies carried out in the future, and draw people's attention to the importance of this study by adjoining one more new study to the epidemiological ones which are insufficient about the psycho-social problems of childhood in the world.

Methods: This study was carried out methodologically in order to report translation and adaptation of the Pictorial Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PPSC) from English into Turkish and estimates of validity and reliability of the Turkish version.  

Results: The Content Validity Index was found to be 92.2%. According to the split half analysis, the reliability levels were sufficient for one of the halves and for the whole scale (r=0.751 and r=0.858 respectively). Among the item-total correlations, the correlation of only one of the items (#20) was found to be below 0.30. The Cronbach’s alpha internal consistency of the PPSC was found as 0.89. One of the items was excluded from the scale, so the factor analysis was conducted with a total of 34 items. As a result of the factor analysis, a four-factor construct was created. The factor load values of the items varied between 0.33 and 0.72. The variance that the four-factor construct accounted for was 37.63%. The results showed that the Turkish version of the PPSC was a valid and reliable screening instrument for examining psychosocial and behavioral disorders in children.

Conclusion:

In this study Cronbach Alfa of the PPSC was found 0.89. Borowsky, Mozayany and Ireland (2003) found the total Cronbach Alfa of PSC 0.67. These results (Gardner et all 1999) are equal to the results of Dutch version of PSC (Reijeneveld, Volges, Hoekstra and Crone 2006) and Filipino version of PPSC (Canceko-Llego et all 2009). In addition, according to the split half analysis, it was found that the reliability levels were sufficient for one of the halves (r=0.751) and for the whole scale (r=0.858) in terms of suggested levels (Akdag 2011). In Erdogan and Ozturk(2011)'s study, retested test sensivity of Turkish PSC  was found 0.72. The results of this study showed that 11 of 100 children are at  a critically psycho-social problem level (28 points and over 28). Canceko-Llego and et all (2009) found this rate in a higher level, which is %18. 9, in Filipino society. It was found in Leiner and et all (2010)'s study, in which they used PPSC in Mexican society, at level %16. Jellinek and et all (1999) found it %12.5 in PSC study.