Effects of EBSM Program Using Electronic Device Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Purpose: Metabolic syndrome has been one of the major health issue worldwide. Studies on self-management in terms of changing lifestyle and eating habits have shown benefits in delaying disease progression.  Results from systematic review revealed that empowerment based self-management provides significantly improvements in patients’ physical and mental status. However, it is hard to implement spreadly in the clinical settings due to the limitation of time and space. Accordingly, researcher adapted electronic device to deliver empowerment based self-management. Yet few studies were found to explore the overall effects from the systematic review.  The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of empowerment based self-management using electronic device for adults with metabolic syndrome by using systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: This study was conducted through the methods of systematic review and meta-analysis. Five electronic databases (Cochrane Library, PubMed, CINAHL, Medline, and Airiti Library) were retrieved from the earliest year available to February, 2015.  Keywords included empowerment, self-management, electronic device, metabolic syndrome and relatives. We excluded overlapped references and added hand search references. Finally, we included ten randomized controlled trial (RCT) for final analysis. The quality of all articles selected was appraised using Modify Jadad Score. All data was calculated using review manager 5^th software. The outcome results were combined using random effects model.

Results: Ten RCT were included to conduct the systematic review, in which 90% have modify Jadad score ≧4. Most of the study subjects were diagnosed as diabetes mellitus. Eight RCTs consisting of 2483 participants were included to conduct meta-analysis. In terms of changes in health behavior, applying electronic device to deliver empowerment based self-management was shown to increase physical activity (p= .04) and healthy eating habits (p= .002). Regarding changes in physical status, results of patients receiving empowerment based self-management using  electronic device didn't demonstrate significant changes in HbA1C(p= .08).

As for improvement in the level of quality of life, empowerment based self-management using electronic drive was shown to have progress in higher quality of life (p= .01)

Conclusion: Empowerment based self-management delivered using electronic device can improve the health outcomes of patients with metabolic syndrome. Accordingly, we recommend that people who are not available to attend self-management program due to time constraints can learn disease management through electronic device to improve their health status.