Methods: A systematic review of intervention studies examining the completeness of HPV vaccination in women (adolescents and young women) from 2006 to 2016 was conducted. The main outcome assessed was completion rate. We searched the databases ofWeb of Science, PubMed, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, for relevant articles. Reference lists of included articles were also hand-searched. Two reviewers independently completed data extraction and bias assessments using standardized forms. Originally, the possibilities of pooling data were considered, but the data were analyzed narratively because of the heterogeneity of the types of interventions.
Results: Five studies were identified and reviewed. Intervention strategies were DVD education on HPV and reminder/recall systems using either electronic or non-electronic methods. Electronic reminders were either fixed without options or were preference-based, which allowed parents or women (adolescents or young women) to select one or two options among e-mail, text, automated telephone message, Facebook message, etc. Non-electronic reminders were letter, standard mail, phone call, etc. The rates of HPV vaccination completeness increased with the interventions. However, the completeness rate of HPV vaccination, remaining unsatisfactory, was lower than its initiation rate. The reviewed studies have mainly been conducted in a high income country.
Conclusion: Educational or reminder interventions on HPV vaccination could contribute to the promotion of HPV vaccination completion. However, this review highlights that more high quality studies are needed to explore the barriers to completion and to identify the best way to promote vaccination completion.