Depression and Its Predictors in Hemodialysis Patients in Taiwan

Background. Depression is a common psychological problem in hemodialysis patients that affects their treatment compliance and lifestyle as well as their quality of life. Previous studies showed that depression and anxiety symptom in older HD patients were significantly higher than that of the age-matched controls. Social support is important for HD patients’ treatment as it influences dialysis patients’ health.

Aim. The objectives of this study were to investigate depression in hemodialysis patients in Taiwan and the important predictors for depression.

Methods. This study used a correlational cross-sectional design. Data for 150 hemodialysis patients were collected from one hemodialysis center in southern Taiwan. Measures included a demographic and clinical variables questionnaire, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and the Personal Resource Questionnaire 2000. Statistical analysis was carried out using multiple regression analysis.

Results. The results showed 55% of hemodialysis patients may be depressed. The social support level for hemodialysis patients was in the moderate range. Multiple regression analysis revealed that marital status, number of comorbidities, exercise behavior, and social support could significantly predict depression; total explanatory variance was 30.5%.

Implications for nursing practice

Hemodialysis patients have a high prevalence of depression. Risk factors influencing depression include lack of spouse, higher numbers of comorbidities, low levels of exercise, and low social support. The findings of this study can assist health care professionals in understanding factors that influence depression in hemodialysis patients. According to this study, exercise and social support are important factors that reduce depression and should be used in the care of hemodialysis patients. Exercise or regular physical activities are an integral part of life. Health care professionals can also help find an appropriate method of exercise and providing patients with concrete home exercise guidance. This study may serve as a reference when drafting future interventions to prevent or improve depression and enhance daily psychological and social care.