Barbara Ann Graves, PhD
Nursing, University of Alabama - Tuscaloosa, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
Susan J. Appel, PhD
College of Nursing, Capstone College of Nursing; University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA

Lynn C. Macken, PhD¹
Charles Morrison Carpenter, MD²
Caitlin R. Coppenrath, MS³
Gail Alison Crocker, BS³
Karen Kurkjian, MD²
Aimee Chapman, BS³
Kristiina Hyrkas, PhD, LicNSc, MNSc¹
(1)Center for Nursing Research and Quality Outcomes, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME, USA
(2)Department of Cardiovascular Services, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME, USA
(3)Turning Point, Maine Medical Center, Scarborough, ME, USA