Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional study was carried out, with a convenience sample, due to the time of realization, in people over 18 years of age and in productive age, with the objective of assessing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The participants were administrative staff of the University of Guanajuato and mining personnel of the Compañía Minera El Cubo. For this study we used the Findrisk Test, an assessment instrument designed to determine the risk of developing type 2 diabetes within a period of 10 years, consisting of 8 questions that include age, body mass index, waist circumference, treatment for arterial hypertension, history of glycemia, physical activity and diet, each question is assigned a score, the score ranges from 0 to 26 points, classified from low risk to very high risk.
Results: 227 people were evaluated, of which 132 are administrative personnel and 95 mining personnel. With regard to administrative staff, 50.8% are women and 49.2% are men, with an age range of 20 to 60 years, an average of 35 ± 9 years, 9.8% have high school studies, 59.8% have a bachelor's degree and 30.3% have a Master's degree, with respect to marital status, 51.9% are single, 44.2% are married and 3.8% are divorced.
In the mining personnel, 85.3% are male and 14.7% female, with an age range of 18 to 77 years with an average of 36 ± 11 years, 4.3% have no studies, 16.8% have primary studies, 35.8 Secondary%, 23.4% preparatory and 20% undergraduate, with respect to marital status, 30.5% are single, 66.3% married and 3.2% divorced.
Regarding the clinical information, in the administrative personnel, the weight is in a range of 25 to 135 Kg, with an average of 73.5 ± 16.3 Kg. The size between 1.49 m to 1.9 mt with an average of 1.65 ± 0.08 mt . The abdominal perimeter with a range of 64 to 131 cm, with an average of 89.5 ± 12.3cm. Capillary glucose from 74 to 178 mg / dl, with a mean of 104 ± 15 mg / dl. The systolic pressure was 82 to 135 mmHg, with a mean of 115 ± 8 mmHg and a diastolic pressure of 51 to 90 mmHg, with a mean of 72 ± 8 mmHg.
In the mining personnel the weight range was from 47.6 to 118.9 Kg, with an average of 80.3 ± 14 Kg. The size from 1.48 to 1.84 mt, with an average of 1.69 ± 0.07 mt. The abdominal perimeter of 75 to 122 cm, with an average of 96 ± 11.1 cm. Capillary glucose from 73 to 413 mg / dl, with an average of 98 ± 4.1 mg / dl. The systolic pressure of 90 to 189 mmHg, with a mean of 133 ± 14 mmHg and a diastolic pressure of 35 to 109, with a mean of 80 ± 10mmHg.
According to the body mass index, it was found that 60.6% of the administrative staff have problems with weight, ranging from chronic malnutrition to obesity. In the mining personnel 77.9% presents situations of overweight and obesity.
In relation to the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, the administrative staff presents 41.7% of low risk, 39.4% slightly elevated, 12.9% moderate risk and 6.1% high risk.
The mining personnel presents 43.2% of low risk, 32.6% slightly elevated, 10.5% a moderate risk, 11.6% high and 2.1% a very high risk.
Conclusion: It is alarming to note that 57% of the valued population will develop type 2 diabetes in less than 10 years.
It is important to highlight the high levels of overweight and obesity that were shown in both personal, therefore the relevance of implementing interventions related to those modifiable risk factors, nutrition and physical activation.
This information is a source of alert for labor institutions, which will have to invest in actions to improve the health of their workers and avoid a higher cost, due to the loss of their human resources.
For the nursing professional, these data allow to expand fields of action and to enter with greater presence in occupational health.
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