Methods: This was a comparative study using indexes to measure nurse burnout and intent to resign as well as related factors. The participants in the study included registered nurses working at acute-care hospitals in the Canada, Malaysia and Japan (200 from each country). The Maslach Burnout inventory, Intent to Leave, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES). and Nursing Stress Scale were used to evaluate the variables of interest. Additionally, demographic information was collected, including gender, age, marital status, academic background, position at work, type of employment, number of employees in the workplace, frequency of exercise, frequency of participating in hobbies or fun activities, number of sick days taken, and amount of overtime per month). Ethical considerations: This study was carried out after obtaining the approval of the Research Ethics Committee of Hyogo University, KPJUC(KPJ Healthcare University College) and Kwantlen Polytechnic University (KPU).
Results: Of the 600 responses required for the analysis, only 543 were used in the data analysis. An examination of the comparison of Factors Related to Nurse Burnout in each country by the one-way ANOVA indicated that a significant difference was confirmed by " exhaustion " (p<0.01), "Cynicism" (p<0.01), and "Professional Efficacy " (p<0.01) of the burnout. Specifically, Japan nurses experienced a higher burnout score than the other two countries. Japanese women reported significantly higher likelihood of leaving their currently institution (p<0.01). Nurses from Thailand reported higher likelihood on planning on remaining in their current institution (p<0.01). There was a significant difference in the Work Engagement scores among the three countries, "Vigor" (p<0.01) "Dedication" (p<0.01) "Absorption" (p<0.01) in Work Engagement. Work Engagement was reportedly higher in Janpan, followed by the Canada and Malaysia. Factors contributing to stress were different in the three countries, with the following stressor being significantly different " inadequate preparation " (p<0.01) "death and dying" (p<0.01) "workload" (p<0.01) " lack of support" (p<0.01) "conflict with physicians" (p<0.01) "uncertainty concerning treatment" (p<0.01) in the stressor. ". "Inadequate preparation", "workload", "conflict with physicians", "uncertainty concerning treatment" were the highest in JAPAN, " lack of support " was highest in a Thailand, and " death and dying " was highest in Canada.
Conclusion: The nurse in Japan experience a higher burnout level and turnover when compared to the nurses in Canada and Malaysia. As the cause, "Vigor" "Dedication" "Absorption" of Work Engagement to work in JAPAN was lower than that of other countries may indicate that stressor contributing to burnout and high turnover include " inadequate preparation ", " workload ", " conflict with physicians", and " uncertainty concerning treatment" . Future studies should identify or evauate successful strategies to combat burnout and turnover nurses.