| Learning Objective #1: Identify the effects of interventions used to prepare clients for elective, primary, unilateral, total knee arthroplasty on self-efficacy | |||
| Learning Objective #2: Describe the effects of self-efficacy on postoperative functional ability in clients undergoing elective, primary, unilateral, total knee arthroplasty |
Design: Longitudinal, descriptive study based on Bandura's self-efficacy theory (1977).
Sample: Convenience sample of 31 clients.
Intervention and Outcome Variables: Examined effect of interventions (attending a joint replacement class and a physical therapy session, performing exercises, reading educational materials) on self-efficacy (confidence in ability to perform activities required for discharge home) and of self-efficacy on improvement in functional status and perceived health status.
Methods: Self-efficacy (setting-specific questionnaires) and perceived health status (Western Ontario McMasters University Osteoarthritis Index) were assessed: (a) when client was scheduled for surgery, (b) just prior to surgery, and (c) six weeks after surgery.
Findings: Significant correlations were found between pre-education self-efficacy, improvement in self-efficacy (r = -.639, p = .000, n= 33) and post-education self-efficacy (r = .513, p = .002, n= 33); and between post-education self-efficacy, outcome expectations (r = .389, p = .031, n= 31), and pain relief following TKA (r = -.476, p = .007, n= 31). Participants with lower pre-education self-efficacy showed the most improvement in self-efficacy. Higher self-efficacy scores correlated with greater pain relief. The greatest difference in mean self-efficacy scores (37.77) occurred between participants who were “unsure” and participants who were “very sure” TKA was necessary.
Conclusions: Higher self-efficacy scores were associated with more expected benefits, previous TKA, and greater pain relief. Shorter lengths of hospital stay were associated with greater joint stiffness reduction, younger age and previous TKA. Participants that were “very sure” of the need for TKA exhibited the highest self-efficacy scores.
Implications: This study highlighted the need for refinement of context sensitive self-efficacy instruments, more sophisticated means of assessing the impact of information sources and more longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes.
Back to Medical/Surgical Nursing
Back to 15th International Nursing Research Congress
Sigma Theta Tau International
July 22-24, 2004