Paper
Friday, July 23, 2004
10:00 AM - 10:30 AM
Friday, July 23, 2004
3:00 PM - 3:30 PM
Effects of Music Therapy on Anxiety and Pain in Cancer Patients
Jirapee Soonthornkul Na Cholburi, RN, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand, Somchit Hanucharurnkul, RN, PhD, Ramathibodi School of Nursing, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand, and Waraporn Waikakul, MD, TBA, Department of Anesthesilogy, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Bangkok, Thailand.
Objective: To test the effects of music therapy on reducing anxiety and pain in cancer patients who had been or were still experiencing pain. Design: Experimental research with change over design. Population and Sample: Thirty cancer patients admitted to the inpatient units of two hospitals: one university hospital and one specialized hospital for cancer, in Bangkok, Thailand from May 2002 to February 2003. Outcome variables: Anxiety (The Speilberger State Anxiety Inventory Form Y-1), pain sensation and distress (Johnson's Two Component Scale). Methods: Subjects were purposively selected according to pre-determined criteria. Patients identified their music preferences and were also given opportunity to select music from different sounds heard in nature that were in the music collection. In the experimental period, the patients listened to their chosen music for 30 minutes twice a day in the mornings (time1 and 3) and evenings (time2 and 4) for two consecutive days. In the control period, the patients received no music therapy, but wore silent headphones. All patients received a one-day washout period before they crossed from one period to the other. Findings: The decrease in the anxiety score in the music therapy period was significantly greater than that in the control period. However, only at time 3 (morning second day) of the intervention was the reduction in the pain sensation score in the music period significantly greater than in the control period. The decrease in the distress score in the music period was significantly greater than in the control period at time1 and time 3 of the intervention, but there was no significant difference at time 2 or 4of the intervention. Conclusions: Music therapy clearly provides an effective means of reducing anxiety among cancer patients experiencing pain; however, as for the effects of music therapy on relieving pain itself, the result remain inconclusive.
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Sigma Theta Tau International
July 22-24, 2004