Paper
Saturday, July 24, 2004
Measuring Passive Behaviors in Nursing Home Residents with Dementia
Kathleen B. Colling, RN, PhD1, Ann Whall, RN, PhD, FAAN2, and Hyojeong Kim, MSN, PhD2. (1) Division of Acute, Critical and Long-term Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA, (2) School of Nursing, Division of Acute, Critical & Long-term Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
Passive behaviors (PBs) are experienced by 61-88% of nursing home residents with dementia and are manifested by reductions in cognition, decreased ability to display or experience emotions, and fewer interactions with others and the environment. PBs are conceptualized within the Need-driven Dementia-compromised Behavior (NDB) model (Algase, Beck, Whall, Kolanowski, Richards, Berent & Beattie, 1996). The purpose of this study was to document PB using a new instrument, the Observational Form of the Passivity in Dementia Scale (O-PDS) that was configured for rating videotaped resident data using a computerized software program, the Noldus Observer 4.0. Twenty-eight videotaped observations of 20-minute time and event samples of 5 female nursing home residents (Mean age 85, mean MMSE 9.62) were coded by 3 trained raters blinded to the study hypotheses. Correlations among the 5 subscales of the instrument were positive and ranged from .05 to .58. Three of the 10 correlations were under .15 indicating discriminant validity for the subscales. Although all subscales reflect passivity, each indicates different aspects of the phenomenon. Higher levels of percent time passive were present on the thinking, emotions, and interacting with activities subscales than on the subscales of interacting with people and the environment. The overall level of percent time passive (51%) and the overall scores on the subscales tended to be stable across events and times. Preliminary results suggest that the O-PDS is a reliable and valid instrument and further studies with larger samples are being planned. Empirical validation of PB in nursing home residents with dementia is an important step in designing nursing interventions to address this important problem.
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Sigma Theta Tau International
July 22-24, 2004