Xiaoqiang Li, PhD¹, Linda O'Brien-Pallas, RN, PhD², Donna Thomson, BScN, MScN³, Linda McGillis Hall, RN, PhD², Sping Wang, PhD⁴, and Raquel M Meyer, RN, PhD, Student⁵. (1) Nursing Effectiveness, Utilization & Outcomes Research Unit, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, (2) Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, (3) St. Peter's Hospital, University of Toronto, Hamilton, ON, Canada, (4) Nursing Effectiveness, Utilization and Outcomes Research Unit, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada, (5) NRU, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada