| Learning Objective #1: Gain an appreciation for the magnitude of the problem of agitation in persons with dementia | |||
| Learning Objective #2: Understand how individualized music can be used to decrease agitation in persons with dementia when implemented by trained staff and family members |
Purpose: This pilot study used a mixed methodology to evaluate the feasibility of individualized music as an alternative intervention in the management of agitation when implemented by trained staff and family members.
Methods: The sample consisted of 8 persons with dementia who resided in a long-term care facility. The quantitative component involved a pre-experimental repeated measures pre-test/post test design. Nursing staff and family members of enrolled residents were trained in the use of individualized music. During the subsequent 8 weeks, certified nursing assistants (CNAs) administered individualized music for 30 minutes at an individually prescribed time and "as needed". Family members were encouraged to play music during their visits. The Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) measured the overall weekly agitation level on day and evening shifts. The Agitation Visual Analog Scale (VAS) measured the degree of agitation immediately before and after the intervention. The qualitative component of this study consisted of a series of open ended interviews to query staff and family regarding the resident’s response to music and the barriers and facilitators to implementation.
Results: Compliance rate of intervention was 97.8%. ANOVA for a mixed effects repeated measures model showed a significant reduction in agitation (p<0.0001) during the immediate intervention period throughout the 8-week interval. A significant reduction in overall agitation was noted on day shift during weeks 1-8 (p<0.0001) and on evening shift during weeks 5-8 (p=0.027). The overwhelming majority of staff and family reported a decrease in agitated behaviors during the implementation of music, providing convergent validity to quantitative findings. In addition, the music served as a catalyst to promote meaningful interaction between the resident and others. The resident's positive response served as a facilitator for the implementation of music.
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Sigma Theta Tau International
9 July 2003