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Learning Objective 1: The learners will be able to understand that neurophysiologic factors influencing sleep quality through mediation of the regulation of psychological/behavioral factors under a shift-work system.
Learning Objective 2: The present study suggests that shift workers can engage in activities to reduce sleep disturbances and maintain an optimal mood to promote sleep quality.
Objective. In this study, we integrated neurophysiologic, psychological, and behavioral factors related to sleep quality by examining associations among circadian type, menstrual distress, mood states, and sleep hygiene in female nurses under a shift work system.
Method. The present study included 338 female nurses aged 20~51 years. Nurses completed the questionnaires including the Sleep Hygiene Awareness and Practice Scale (SHAPS), Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), the short-form Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ), the Profile of Mood States Short Form (POMS-SF), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). A mediation regression and path analysis were conducted.
Results. This study tested the directionality of effects among neurophysiologic, psychological, and behavioral factors related to sleep quality. For the MDQ-POMS-SHP path model, the χ2 value was 8.87 (df = 8, p = 0.354), comparative fit index (CFI) was 0.997, Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) was 0.993, and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) was 0.018. For the MDQ-SHP-POMS path model, the χ2 value was 8.99 (df = 8, p = 0.343), CFI was 0.997, TLI was 0.992, and RMSEA was 0.019.
Conclusions. The results supported neurophysiologic factors influencing sleep quality through mediation of the regulation of psychological/behavioral factors under a shift-work system. The present study suggests that shift workers can engage in activities to reduce sleep disturbances and maintain an optimal mood to promote sleep quality under the effect of shift work on diurnal preferences and menstrual-related problems.