Hourly Rounding Revisited: The paradox of evidence, outcomes and sustainability

Saturday, 16 November 2013

Kathryn G. Sapnas, PhD, MSN, BSN, RN-BC, CNOR
Cynthia Heidt, MSN, BSN, NEA-C
Patient Care Services/Nursing, Philadelphia VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA

Learning Objective 1: Discuss the current state of evidence on hourly rounding and identify facilitators and barriers to implementing and sustaining the structured intervention of hourly rounding.

Learning Objective 2: Assess need for next generation translational research to support implementation and evaluation of structured hourly rounding interventions across practice continuum and contexts.

As healthcare costs continue to soar, regulatory bodies impose structures and processes to assess patient safety. Intentional hourly rounding by nursing staff has been widely introduced in healthcare facilities across the United States as an evidence-based intervention to improve patient outcomes and to attempt to bridge the quality chasm.  In 2006, Meade, Bursell & Ketelsen studied the “effect of nursing rounds on patients' call light use, satisfaction and safety”. This study provided the first evidence for routinely timed nursing rounds. Practice changes were proposed that emphasized nurse rounding on patients for greater effectiveness of patient-care management and increased patient satisfaction. Early translation of this evidence-based intervention has become essentially defacto as "the" intervention to improve patient and nurse satisfaction, patient safety and reduce hospital injury costs across the US. Research studies and systematic reviews on hourly rounding have been published and a body of literature is emerging addressing challenges in sustaining the implementation of hourly rounding. Global implications of this intervention need consideration. Barriers and facilitators to hourly rounding are being assessed. Qualitative and quantitative studies are identifying interesting elements to be considered in administering a successful and sustainable program of hourly rounding that can be sustained. Transformational leaders engaged with the process have been cited as facilitating the process. Barriers identified are nursing infrastructure variances, staff perception, and impact on nursing workflow. Early translation has identified challenges in sustaining interventions when applied across multiple settings and contexts. In complex adaptive healthcare systems it is important to revisit hourly rounding to discuss the potential paradox of outcomes, evidence, and sustainability of the intervention sweeping across US hospitals. Revisiting the evidence on hourly rounding will assist nurse administrators in developing, implementing and evaluating next generation research translation and implementation interventions across the practice continuum and will guide research and evaluation in later phases of translational research.