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Learning Objective 1: The learner will be able to identify the roles of nurse manager on the job training for newly-graduated nurse education in Japan.
Learning Objective 2: The learner will be able to realize the present situation of Japanese newly-graduated nurses and its education system.
In Japan, 8.9% of newly-graduated nurses leave their jobs within one year after the employment while approximately 47,000 newly-graduated nurses secure employment each year. One of the reasons is nursing practice ability that is acquired by nursing basic education alienated from ability for clinical practice. 87.7% of Japanese hospitals adopt a system as the education for newly-graduated nurses. However, the role of the nurse manager, who is charge of a hospital ward/unit, is not specified. The aim of this literature review sought to identify the role behaviors of nurse managers in educational system for newly-graduated nurse on the job training (OJT).
METHODS:
An electronic search based on Ichushi Web by Japan Medical Abstracts Society, CiNii (Scholarly and Academic Information Navigator), and PubMedwas undertaken. Search terms included ‘newly-graduated nurse’, ‘education’, and ‘nurse manager/head nurse’ in research-based articles except presentation abstracts. A total of 279 papers were detected, and further exclusion of references and hand searching of references lists for relevant studies with the purpose of the literature investigation yielded to be reviewed.
RESULTS:
The nurse managers take various strategies to help novice nurses smoothly adapt to their workplaces. This review identified the five categories of the role behaviors of nurse managers in OJT newly-graduated nurse education: ‘dissemination of educational policy at own hospital ward’; ‘prevention of reality shock in newly-graduated nurses’; ‘graded and continuous education based on ability of newly-graduated nurses’; ‘maintenance of a nursing team and preceptorship system’; and ‘encouragement of newly-graduated nurses as independent nursing professionals.’
CONCLUSIONS:
The roles of nurse manager to maintenance the educational system and support the occupational commitment are essential for the OJT newly-graduated nurse education.