Probiotics for the Prevention of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Women: A Systematic Review

Purpose: The purpose of this evidence-based practice poster was to review the literature and evaluate the effectiveness of lactobacillus in preventing recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI) in women. The most common lactobacilli species found in the vaginal tract are Lactobacillus (L.) acidophilus, L. fermentum, L. plantarum, and L. rhamnosus, all which are at low levels in women with rUTIs. There is some evidence to suggest that use of lactobacillus may provide protective effects against bacteria commonly associated with urinary tract infections. Findings from a current literature review will be used to provide further support for this intervention and develop recommendations for its use in clinical practice.

Data Sources: CINAHL Plus, Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EBSCOhost

Conclusions: Evidence from this review suggests little or no benefit of lactobacilli probiotics in preventing rUTIs in women with a few studies showing antimicrobials being more effective. For probiotics to be included in the prophylactic rUTI guidelines, further research is necessary.

Implications for Practice: Advanced Nurse Practitioners (ANP) play a vital role in the healthcare delivery system. With the large amount of urinary tract infection (UTI) cases per year, ANPs should be educated on the current research on preventative measures of UTIs. Lactobacilli probiotics should be included as a possible preventative measure because women who suffer from recurrent UTIs might benefit from probiotics as evidenced by the results of these studies.