The objective of this paper is to describe a model of translation science, and its application in testing a translating research into practice (TRIP) intervention.
Design: The model was developed from Roger’s Diffusion of Innovation model, and research on translating evidence into practice.
Concepts: Major concepts are the TRIP intervention (independent variable), and the outcomes – rate and extent of adoption of the innovation. The TRIP intervention consists of strategies that influence adoption of innovations: characteristics of the innovation/evidence-based practice and how it is communicated to members (nurses, physicians) of a social system (organization). Rate of adoption is the pattern of change over time in adopting an innovation, and extent of adoption is the degree to which an innovation is adopted.
Sample/Setting: The model was used in a large multi-site, experimental study in 12 acute care hospitals, to test the effectiveness of a multifaceted TRIP intervention for promoting adoption, by nurses and physicians, of evidence-based acute pain management practices in the care of 2,110 elders hospitalized for hip fracture.
Methods: 12 Midwest hospitals were randomized to an experimental or comparison group. Medical record data were abstracted before and after the TRIP intervention was implemented. The TRIP intervention was implemented over 21 months. At the conclusion of the intervention, nurse change champions and opinion leaders rated the usefulness of each component of the intervention, and summative focus groups (N=18) provided in-depth information regarding components of the model.
Findings: Preliminary modification of the model based on 1) our experiences, 2) qualitative findings from summative focus groups, and 3) ratings on usefulness of the TRIP strategies will be discussed. Conclusions This model is a useful guide for designing translation studies and has implications for practitioners to foster adoption of evidence-based practices.
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