Paper
Wednesday, 19 July 2006
This presentation is part of : Nursing Education Strategies
The Effect of Video-Based Instruction Versus Demonstration on Learning of Clinical Skills
Hossein Karimi Moonaghi, MS, 1-Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery 2- Educational Development Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, Akbar Derakhshan, Educational Development Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, Tahere Bionghi, BS, arabic language, kowsar highschool, Mashhad, Iran, Fatiheh Mortazavi, Education Development Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, and Naser Valaee, Education Development Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Learning Objective #1: Discuss the effect of video-based instruction versus demonstration on learning of clinical skills.
Learning Objective #2: Identify the situations in which he or she can use demonstration or video-based instruction.
Intoduction: Teaching and learning of clinical skills is a challenging aspect of education in nursing. In the domain of the psychomotor learning there is not enough evidence to show that video based instruction is an effective teaching method. The current study has compared students learning in video based and demonstration methods.

Method: An experimental study was conducted on 40 first year nursing and midwifery students. The students were randomly assigned to case (n=20) and control (n=20) groups based on their course. The data were collected from a pretest, a posttest and a questionnaire for demographic information. Pretest was given 24 hours prior to the presentation sessions. Then each group has received one skill with video based and another skill with demonstration

Results: The overall learning in the demonstration method was higher than the video based method (p<0/043). However the scores of students in two methods were at acceptable level. The scores of students in the cognitive domain of hand washing by the demonstration were 16.20±1.5 and by the video based method was 15.25 ±1(p>0.068). The scores of students in the psychomotor domain of hand washing by the demonstration was 16.85± 1.4 and by the video based method was 15.94±1.4 (p<0.026).The scores of students in the cognitive domain of dressing change by the demonstration was 25.60± 1.8 and by the video based method was 15.50±1 (p>0.831). The scores of students in the psychomotor domain of dressing change by the demonstration was 16.78±1.3 and with the video based was 16.12± 1 (p<0.036).

Discussion: The results indicated that demonstration method is more effective in the students learning. However, both video based and demonstration have led to the high level of cognitive and psychomotor learning. It could be concluded that video – based instruction can be an effective method for replacing the demonstration

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