INTRODUCTION

An interruption is a role-based event between an initiator and a recipient. The initiator has the role of originating the interruption. The role of the recipient is that of accepting an interruption. Research studies have examined the role of recipient because of the negative impact on task performance. However, it is equally important to understand the role of the initiator. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the roles of registered nurses (RNs) working in a level one trauma center as the initiator and recipient of an interruption.

METHODS

Study Design: An instrumental case study.  

Subjects: A convenience sample of RNs. Participation was voluntary and written consent was obtained.  

Setting:  A level one trauma center.

Study Protocol: The RNs were shadowed with observations being recorded on a minute-by-minute basis using an automated field note form.  

Data Analysis: Grounded Theory methods were used to guide categorize of the roles. Data analysis was supported using NVivo and MacSHAPA. Two coders analyzed the data for agreement.   

RESULTS

Eight RNs were observed for a total of hours 40 hours 9 minutes. The RNs experienced 11.72 interruptions per hour. In 35.36 percent of interruptions, the RN was categorized as the initiator. In comparison, the RN was more likely to be the recipient of an interruption with 51.21 percent of interruptions. The remaining 13.43 percent were attributed to other types of interruptions.

DISCUSSION

Findings from this study indicate that RNs took the role as initiator of an interruption slightly less often than that of recipient. Registered nurses most often initiated an interruption to . It is important to understand the role of initiator of interruptions and the interaction with the recipient in order to develop strategies to mitigate or decrease the negative effects of interruptions.