Poster Presentation
Friday, July 13, 2007
9:30 AM - 10:15 AM
Friday, July 13, 2007
3:15 PM - 4:00 PM
Etic or Emic? Validation of the Kiddo KINDL® Taiwan version – a health related quality of life questionnaire
Lu-I Chang, PhD, RN and Pi-Hsia Lee, EdD, RN. College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| Learning Objective #1: understand the procedures of translating questionnaires |
| Learning Objective #2: learn the ways to find out and to solve the semantic, conceptual and normative equivalence problems. |
Health-related quality of life measure is increasingly being used internationally in the field of health care. Development of quality of life measures to be used cross-culturally is in demand. The aim of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Kiddo KINDL® Taiwan version –a heath related quality of life questionnaire. The original German-version of Kiddo KINDL® was translated into Chinese (Taiwan) via forward/backward translation process. Translation procedures were (1) two independent forward translation and rating of translation quality followed by a reconciliation meeting for a single developmental forward version, (2) back-translated the reconciled forward version and then send all materials back to the developer of German Kiddo KINDL, (3) telephone reconciliation meeting with the principal developer, the investigators, and the translators, (4) two focus group discussions with 16 students for checking their understanding of the items. Semantic, conceptual, and normative equivalences between the source language (German) and target language (Chinese-Taiwan) questionnaires were carefully examined. Psychometric testing was performed with a national sample of 1873 healthy students between age 12 and age 16. Data was analyzed based on 1676 usable questionnaires. The reliability coefficients were α= .81 for overall, and .31 to .84 for six subscales. The subscales with lower Cronbach’s α were “school” and “friends”. Test-retest reliability was .77. Convergent validity was examined with the Taiwan version Adolescent Depressive Mood Self-Detecting Scale. The result was satisfactory. Construct validity was examined with confirmatory factor analysis. It explained 57.5% of variance. The construct of Kiddo KINDL Taiwan version appeared to be appropriate for measuring health-related quality of life in healthy adolescents. However, items in the “school” and “friends” subscales need to be further modified as more culturally appropriate.