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This presentation will provide an overview of the important topic of nosocomial infection, as manifested in acutely ill patient populations.  Participants will be provided with an evidence-based guide to the identification and management of patients with various infections.  The primary focus will be on the most common sources of nosocomial infection in acutely ill patient populations, which are pneumonia (both hospital and ventilator acquired), catheter-related bloodstream infection, and urinary tract infection.   Key points in the early identification of these dangerous infections and appropriate diagnostic techniques will be discussed for each of the listed infections.  Evidence-based recommendations for treatment will be provided, based on professional guidelines and currently available research science.  Recommendations for minimization or prevention of nosocomial infection will also be presented.  The presentation will conclude with discussion of appropriate patient outcomes and indicators through which to measure success in the prevention and/or treatment of nosocomial infection in acutely ill patient populations.