Learning Objective 1: Detail the components and 21st century practice implications of the Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing theory.
Learning Objective 2: Explain the importance of measuring caring as pivotal in transforming nursing practice through the application of best practices related to technology and caring.
Methods: The Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing Instrument was framed by theoretical assumptions of the mid-range theory. Theory and practice experts were invited to examine the content validity of the instrument. Additionally, practice experts engaged in a focus group to address the instrument’s practice significance. Quantitative content validity indices along with specific focus group feedback were used to enhance the instrument’s validity.
Results: Pooled analysis of the data for the 13 experts revealed individual item content validity ratings ranging from .38 – 1.0 (mean = .93). Of the 30 items in the original form of the instrument: a) two items with low means were deleted; b) nine items (borderline means) were revised using expert feedback; c) three items were eliminated for conceptual redundancy. Several items were shortened or simplified for readability. Specific themes that surfaced in the focus group discussion were integrated into the final instrument: educational preparedness relative to nursing theory, over-reliance on technology / patient perceptions, and constancy of change (requiring adaptation and continued education).
Conclusion: The final instrument consists of 25 statements inclusive of the five assumptions of the theory. Implications for patient satisfaction, nurse satisfaction/retention, quality, safety, and healing are discussed. Future work will establish the international significance of measuring shared nurse-patient expectations in establishing a paradigmatic shift in nursing care delivery models globally.
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