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Learning Objective 1: The learner will be able to compare the depression prevalence by gender
Learning Objective 2: The learner will be able to realize gender difference of the mediating effect of social support on depression
Objectives : This study was to compare depression prevalence by gender and to investigate the mediating effect of social support on depression by gender.
Methods : This study analyzed raw data from a project funded by Jeju Special-governing province. The sample of the project were selected by using randomized cluster sampling method. Data were collected from 1155 subjects of 750 households by home visit interview. CES-D was used for measuring depression and Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey was used for measuring social suppoprt. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, and stepwise multiple regression.
Results : The prevalence of depression in Jeju was 18.1%. There is no significant difference of depression prevalence by gender, presenting 16.5% of depression prevalence rate for men, 17.2% for women. But, the gender differences were found with depression prevalence rate by gender, showing that the depression prevalence rate differed significantly by the group of marital status, educational level, occupation, and socioeconomic status in men and by the group of age, marital status, educational level, occupation, and socioeconomic status in women. The result of stepwise multiple regression presented that social support was the significant variable on depression, and the mediating effect on depression was slightly bigger in women than men, showing increase of revised R2 from .265 to .345 when adding social support to other general demographic characteristics in women, increase of R2 from .300 to 375.
Conclusions : The social support was an influential factor on depression both men and women, even though the effect is slightly bigger in women than men. The development of strategies for enhancing social support to prevent and to manage depression was suggested and evaluation of the strategies was recommended.