Effect of an Educational Intervention in the Self-Concept Adaptive Mode of Adolescent Consumers of Alcohol

Friday, March 27, 2020

Francisca Elvira Blanco Enriquez, MN.
FACULTY OF NURSING, UNIVERSIDAD VERACRUZANA, MINATITLAN, VERACRUZ., VL, Mexico
Leticia Cortaza Ramirez, PhD
FACULTY OF NURSING, UNIVERSIDAD VERACRUZANA, MINATITLAN, VERACRUZ, VL, Mexico
Alicia Alvarez Aguirre, PhD
UNIVERSIDAD DE GUANAJUATO, CELAYA, GUANAJUATO, GJ, Mexico
Brenda Alicia Hernandez Cortaza, ME
UNIVERSIDAD VERACRUZANA, MINATITLAN, VERACRUZ, VL, Mexico
Aracely Diaz Oviedo, PhD
UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE SAN LUIS POTOSÍ, SLP, SL, Mexico
Lubia del Carmen Castillo Arcos, PhD
UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL CARMEN, CIUDAD DEL CARMEN, CP, Mexico

Purpose: Evaluate the effect of an educational nursing intervention in the self-concept adaptive mode of adolescent consumers of alcohol of a public high school in Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz, Mexico.

Methods: Quasi-experimental design, with an intervention group. Population: 64 first-year students of a public high school in Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz, Mexico. Sample: 16 students. Sampling: Non-probabilistic sampling for convenience due to criteria for intervention. Instruments: Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) (OMS, 1989) and Self-concept Tennessee Scale (Fitts, 1965). The research was in two stages, "Detection of cases and Admission" and "Intervention". The implementation of the intervention was in 8 sessions during May-June of 2018. It was used the perspective of the Callista Roy Adaptation Model (MAR), with the central concept of the Self-concept Adaptive Mode.

Results: Comparing the self-concept adaptive mode and alcohol consumption before and after intervention, no significant differences were found in pre and post-intervention self-concept (Z=-129, p=0.897), unlike alcohol consumption that showed significant differences before and after intervention (Z=-3.524, p=0.0001). Before the study, the adolescents were distributed among the four patterns of AUDIT, 56.3% with low risk, 31.3% at risk and 6.3% for both patterns of harmful and dependent. At the end of the intervention, 87.5% reported a low risk alcohol consumption pattern and a 12.5% risk. A negative and significant relationship was found between social self-concept and post-intervention alcohol consumption (r=-0. 540*, p=0.031), as well as a negative and significant relationship between general self-concept and post-intervention alcohol consumption (r=-0. 544 *, p=0.029). The magnitude of the effect of intervention for alcohol consumption was substantial (d=1139) according to the Cohen criteria.

Conclusion: The self-concept adaptive mode was related to alcohol consumption after the intervention in the population, it is possible that the sessions reflected about the consumption and beliefs of oneself, although the intervention may not be enough to improve the self-concept, contributed to the decrease of alcohol consumption.